基于BIM的工程造价管理――以深汕湾科技园项目1-4号办公楼为例 毕业论文
摘要
近年来，随着我国建筑业不断发展，建筑业总产值逐年上升，但是建筑业的年平均产值利润率却一直很低，不超过3.6%，这反映了建筑行业单位产值的获利能力低。如何提质增效，是建筑行业亟需解决的问题。BIM（Building Information Modeling）的出现为其提供了突破口。在施工中引入 BIM 5D 技术，通过 BIM 平台将项目三维模型、进度、造价连接起来，实现多数据多部门互通、协同处理、全过程管理工程项目，促进行业的信息化进程，使资源效益最大化，提升工程的品质与价值。造价管理作为工程项目管理的最重要的环节之一，有效的造价管理将有助于项目管理高效协同。
本次毕业设计，笔者与小组成员一起通过 BIM 建模软件建立了土建、钢筋三维模型，之后套取清单定额，计算工程量，输出各类工程数据，并将其导入 BIM 造价软件中，进行人材机组价后，生成各种造价文件，满足造价人员的需求。相较于传统造价管理的精度低、耗时久、数据静止性，利用 BIM 平台，更加高效、准确、灵活，可以实现造价全过程管理，与多项目高效协同，提高资源利用率、降低工程成本，达到提质增效的目的。
关键词：提质增效； BIM 5D ；高效协同；全过程造价管理
ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the continuous development of China's construction industry, the total output value of the construction industry has increased year by year. However, the average annual profit margin of the construction industry has been very low, not exceeding 3.6%, which reflects the low profitability of the construction industry's unit output value. How to improve quality and increase efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved in the construction industry. The emergence of BIM (Building Information Modeling) provides a breakthrough for it. To promote the informatization process of the industry and improve the quality and value of the project, BIM5D technology is introduced in the construction, which means that the 3D model, schedule and cost of the project are connected through the BIM platform to achieve multi-data and multi-department interoperability, collaborative processing, and Process management engineering project. Cost management is one of the most important links in engineering project management. Effective cost management will help project management collaborate efficiently.
In this graduation project, the author and the team members established a three-dimensional model of civil engineering and reinforcement through BIM modeling software. Then apply the list quota to the model, calculate the engineering quantity, and output various engineering data. Then, import the project report into the BIM costing software, carry out the cost of the personnel unit, and generate various costing files to meet the needs of the costing personnel. Traditional cost management has the disadvantages of low accuracy, time-consuming, and data static. Using the BIM platform, cost management can be performed more efficiently, accurately and flexibly, and it can efficiently coordinate with multiple projects to improve resource utilization, reduce engineering costs, and achieve the purpose of improving quality and efficiency.
Keywords: improve quality and efficiency; BIM 5D; efficient collaboration; whole process cost management
